- VLOOKUP / XLOOKUP / HLOOKUP: Fetch specific data from master data tables.
- INDEX & MATCH: Find and pull data dynamically, offering a adaptable alternative to VLOOKUP.
- SUMIF / SUMIFS: Add up numbers in a range based on one or multiple conditions.
- COUNTIF / COUNTIFS: Count how many cells meet specific criteria.
- IF / AND / OR: Apply logical tests to generate status tags or remarks.
- IFERROR: Hide error values (like #N/A or #DIV/0!) to keep reports looking clean.
- TRIM & SUBSTITUTE: Clean messy text, extra spaces, or weird characters from raw data.
- Pivot Tables: Summarize massive amounts of data without writing complex math formulas. [1, 2, 3, 4]